近日,我校生物醫(yī)學(xué)與健康學(xué)院金紅林教授課題組與華中科技大學(xué)同濟(jì)醫(yī)學(xué)院楊坤禹教授課題組合作的研究成果以“Peptide hydrogels?loaded with irradiated tumor cell secretions enhance cancer immunotherapy”為題在Nano Today發(fā)表。研究搭建了一種多功能抗腫瘤水凝膠平臺(tái),用于開拓放射衍生物在抗腫瘤免疫治療中的新用途。
免疫治療,特別是針對(duì)程序性死亡-1(PD-1)/程序性死亡配體1(PD-L1)通路的免疫檢查點(diǎn)阻斷(ICB),已經(jīng)改變了癌癥的治療范式。但臨床數(shù)據(jù)顯示,僅有一小部分患者(通常10-30%的應(yīng)答率)對(duì)ICB有應(yīng)答。這是由于在晚期癌癥中,T細(xì)胞恢復(fù)和腫瘤負(fù)荷之間的不平衡是限制PD-1/PD-L1阻斷治療療效的主要障礙之一。因此,能同時(shí)減輕腫瘤負(fù)荷和重塑腫瘤微環(huán)境(TME)的策略,可提高PD-1/PD-L1阻斷治療在晚期癌癥患者中的臨床療效。
該研究發(fā)現(xiàn),放療后腫瘤細(xì)胞的超濾濃縮液(RT-UF)可高效刺激樹突狀細(xì)胞的活化和成熟。此外,RT-UF含有招募巨噬細(xì)胞的趨化因子,比如MIP-1, G-CSF, LIX和PF4等,可將巨噬細(xì)胞的表型極化為抗腫瘤的M1表型。RT-UF能有效地重塑TME,但由于其代謝過(guò)快且攝取效率低,導(dǎo)致其抗腫瘤作用不強(qiáng)。為此,該團(tuán)隊(duì)自主研制了一種PEG和melittin-peptide(蜂毒肽)交聯(lián)的治療肽水凝膠,具有藥物緩釋,改善細(xì)胞膜通透性,快速誘導(dǎo)腫瘤細(xì)胞死亡等特性?;诖藘?yōu)勢(shì)構(gòu)建了超濾液負(fù)載的雜化蜂毒肽水凝膠(UF@MRP)用于高負(fù)荷腫瘤治療。在多個(gè)ICB治療不能有效控制的腫瘤模型中,瘤內(nèi)給藥UF@MRP可增強(qiáng)ICB療效,延長(zhǎng)生存時(shí)間。數(shù)據(jù)表明,UF@MRP和抗PD -1單克隆抗體聯(lián)用可治愈約43%的惡性腹水小鼠,且在治愈的小鼠上產(chǎn)生了強(qiáng)烈的免疫記憶效應(yīng)?;铙w顯微成像技術(shù)也證實(shí),該聯(lián)合治療方式產(chǎn)生的抗腫瘤T細(xì)胞在細(xì)胞數(shù)量、運(yùn)動(dòng)活力和趨向性方面獲得了較大的提升。更為重要的是,該治療效應(yīng)不依賴于RT-UF的腫瘤細(xì)胞來(lái)源,顯示出廣譜的抗腫瘤效應(yīng)。
該研究意義在于:發(fā)現(xiàn)了放療超濾液具有較強(qiáng)免疫調(diào)節(jié)功能,可重塑腫瘤免疫微環(huán)境;通過(guò)優(yōu)化的蜂毒肽水凝膠負(fù)載放療超濾液,可發(fā)揮強(qiáng)效的抗腫瘤療效應(yīng);以惡性腹水小鼠為模型,提出了一種“腫瘤間接放療”的思路,實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)局部晚期及廣泛轉(zhuǎn)移腫瘤的有效控制,具有較強(qiáng)的臨床轉(zhuǎn)化價(jià)值。
金紅林教授和楊坤禹教授為文章共同通訊作者。本研究受到了國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金優(yōu)秀青年基金項(xiàng)目的資助。
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【英文摘要】
In advanced stage patients, traditional cancer chemotherapies often demonstrate limited tumor growth inhibition and fail to elicit sufficient anti-tumor immunity required for long-lasting responses. Herein, we developed a therapeutic peptide hydrogel manufactured using a PEG cross-linked melittin-peptide scaffold that not only itself induces tumor cell killing, but also encapsulates the processed cell secretions of autologous, irradiated tumor cells. MLT-RADA-Polyethylene glycol (MRP) loaded with the concentrated ultrafiltration (UF) retentate from irradiated tumor cell media, denoted as UF@MRP effectively reshapes the tumor microenvironment (TME) by stimulating dendritic cell maturation and reprogramming macrophages toward a tumoricidal M1 phenotype. In multiple murine tumor models, in which immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) alone did not control advanced disease, intratumoral administration of UF@MRP enhanced ICB efficacy, leading to prolonged survival. The combination of UF@MRP and ICB appears to be an effective approach to rapidly kill tumor cells, diminish immunosuppression in the TME, and activate host adaptive immune responses, all of which work in concert in an immunotherapy regime to control established and aggressive tumors.
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論文鏈接:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1748013221002486
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